Diversitas Vegetasi dalam Sistem Agroforestri Tradisional dan Pengaruhnya pada Resiliensi Ekologis-Ekonomis: Perspektif Komunitas Lokal di Sekitar Hutan Pendidikan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62504/jimr1271Keywords:
agroforestri tradisional, keanekaragaman hayati, layanan ekoistem, persepsi lokal.Abstract
Meskipun pengakuan terhadap agroforestri tradisional sebagai strategi pengelolaan lahan berkelanjutan semakin meningkat, penelitian yang mengintegrasikan analisis keanekaragaman tanaman dengan persepsi lokal untuk memahami ketahanan ekologi-ekonomi masih terbatas. Penelitian ini mengkaji hubungan antara keanekaragaman tanaman dalam sistem agroforestri dan kontribusinya terhadap stabilitas ekosistem serta ketahanan ekonomi komunitas lokal di Desa Dulamayo Selatan, sekitar Hutan Pendidikan Universitas Gorontalo, Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran, kami menggabungkan analisis vegetasi kuantitatif melalui 9 plot dinamis (72 sub-plot) dengan survei sosial yang melibatkan 60 rumah tangga dan wawancara mendalam dengan 5 informan kunci, dengan penilaian menggunakan skala Likert (1-5). Analisis Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) menunjukkan dominasi spesies serbaguna, dengan Arenga pinnata (INP=113,72), Lansium parasiticum (INP=68,8), dan Aleurites moluccanus (INP=48,45) menjadi komponen kunci dalam sistem agroforestri lokal. Komunitas lokal menilai tinggi jasa ekosistem dari sistem agroforestri, khususnya penyediaan air bersih (4,4/5) dan mitigasi bencana alam (4,2/5). Analisis regresi menunjukkan korelasi positif yang signifikan antara kesadaran lingkungan dan manfaat ekonomi (R²=0,72), mengindikasikan bahwa kesadaran ekologis dan keuntungan ekonomi dapat bersinergi dalam pengelolaan agroforestri. Preferensi terhadap spesies serbaguna mencerminkan strategi adaptif untuk memaksimalkan manfaat dari sumber daya lahan yang terbatas, sambil menjaga keanekaragaman hayati dan fungsi ekosistem. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya mengintegrasikan kesadaran ekologis ke dalam program pengembangan agroforestri dan menyoroti potensi diversifikasi spesies untuk meningkatkan ketahanan ekologi sekaligus stabilitas ekonomi pada komunitas yang bergantung pada hutan.
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